In last a few decades the field of monitoring and control of various parameters of different machineries in process industry has been grown up with the advancement of computers. As a result the progress in computer section can also be noticed in the development of better microcontrollers. The embedded systems which are mostly consisting of microcontroller are being used in various industry are also progressing with the time. The digital electronics was thought more relevant with only the field i.e. electronics and electrical engineering but now the digital world is open for all especially for chemical, process and mechanical engineering. It is because of the use of devices which are integrated with computing, process, digital electronics and communications fields and have application in production, process, medical, biological industry. Now universities are teaching the computers and associated processing devices like microcontrollers or microprocessor up to some extent in almost all fields of engineering and science during the graduation levels. The students are encouraged to work on projects which are more relevant to various problems solving in real world applications. The use of microcontrollers to solve the problem of industry where human working is difficult due to multiple reasons a new field of automation or Mechatronics covers the development of customized robots. The concept has changed the traditional engineering educational approach that the universities are now encouraging to adopt or take education courses related to make embedded systems, microcontrollers and robotics for students of various disciplines of engineering and science.
Educational background of team
for Robotics:
The educational courses
for Robotics are designed to cover the various aspects of automation and
mechatronics to address the real world problem in various industries like autonomous
mobile, medical, process, bioengineering etc. The Cognitive techniques are the
basis of robotics field which involves in problem solving by taking input from
certain sensors, process the information and achieve the goals. This approach
is applicable in the real world systems starting from simple problems to
complex problems. It may involve the use of robots of simple kind i.e. fixed
arm base robotics to very complex movements of robots in entirely unknown
environment filed where artificial intelligence.
To start with the field of Robotics, the basic terminologies
of this field are studied i.e. The Introduction of Robotics which may cover
topics history of robotics, cybernetics, the fact and fiction of robotics, electrical
foundations, mechanical foundations, application areas of robotics, control
mechanism of robots, autonomous robot architectures, robot reasoning, intelligent
behaviors, planning and acquisition of task in practical problems. In addition
to theoretical approaches and literature study, the Practical approach for
understanding the robotics is also essential and it may include these fields
like construction of robots, principles of motion, designing circuit or
schematics of electronics component, development of boards or kits or PCBs,
arrangements or routing design of wiring diagrams, soldering of components, selection
of motors, designing of gears, selection of microcontrollers or microprocessors
based on complexity of application where robots are going to be utilized,
appropriate use of various sensors, development of feedback mechanisms for
signals. Then the important side of robotics comes which is programming or
software development for robots, it may include the study of very important field
such that selection of microcontroller or microprocessor, selection of
programming language, selection of appropriate compiler/ link for project,
selection of software debugging tools, arrangement of program download
mechanism into microcontroller of robots say programmer device.
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| Robotics Basics |
During the study of robotics by covering above mentioned fields
the goal of students should be to achieve an excellence level of understanding
of various topics related to robotics such as techniques involved the problem
solving with robotics, working in a team, organization of a project team, management
of activities in progress and oral & and written communication skills, command
in the mechanical side of robotics, various functionality testing and at the
end the study of robotics in simulated environment which shall be closest to
real world application environment.
Embedded system
The embedded
systems are based on combination of software with hardware designed to solve
problems in the field of control and automation and these have to perform some
specific functions in accordance with the electronics circuit and code burned. The
Embedded system can work as stand alone as will as a part of a certain
application within a complicated system. The Embedded system have various
electronics components which may include the components like a field
programmable gate array (FPGA), an accelerometer, IC chips of DAC (Digital to Analog
Converter), IC chips of ADC (Analog to Digital Converter), IC chips of DSP (Digital
Signal Processing) and TTL/ CMOS digital IC. Embedded systems have
microprocessors or microcontrollers as a central processing unit to process the
information and data as a heart of as a whole system. Similar to other
electronics system like PLCs the Microprocessors and microcontrollers or
Embedded system uses digital input data, they process it in accordance with the
programs feed to them to provide resultant output. A robot may be controlled by
using a microprocessor or a microcontroller as Embedded system. It can be said
that the Embedded systems are the necessary part of robot to function. The team
of developer write the program for robots based on application of it and then it
is loaded into robots.
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